Days earlier, Tanases neighbor was asked to confirm information the Securitate found out through the bugging system installed in the writers apartment. The Bucharest warehouse I visited stored around 800 meters of archive the Romanian Information Service used to train archivists, included six vertical rows of carton boxes marked Operative Archive, and could be accessed only with two keys entrusted to two different persons. Probably aware of Ditas unsuccessful attempt to burn the files completely, former Securitate agent Bordeianu believed that throwing the documents in the Berevoesti forest ravine and covering them with dirt was a better destruction method. made me think that John was sent to Romania in an exploratory mission under a cultural and humanitarian pretext.[39], Afterwards, Cristescu reported additional details on John and Tanase, and again voiced his worry that his work for the Securitate could be uncovered. Little did he know that his deposition was to be used as evidence for Tanases efforts to contact attending foreign citizens who could help transport his manuscript to a Western country. Of the total, 6,602 worked in Bucharest, 6,059 in local branches, 225 in training schools, and 2,426 in special units. 38] Tanase, Acasa se vorbeste in soapta, pp. The residents file contained an additional list with the names of the supporting individuals the resident was responsible for and the places where they met. In his 14 December 1989 report, the informer commented the letter of 18 young writers and intellectuals protesting against communist censorship, which Radio Free Europe had broadcast several days before, while two days later advised the political police that five older writers and two researchers decided to join the protest. For foreign citizens who want to live permanently in the United States. Since 1989, a number of secret documents and Securitate files appeared on the Bucharest black market, where they could be bought by politicians and business people eager to destroy the career of their opponents. For example, when the card for file Stan was received, the personnel created additional cards for Stana, Stancu, and Stanca., The archive in its entirety was grouped in collections or fonds (fonduri). [4] Some 90 percent of Securitate agents were Communist Party members. Civilian Positions; Deputy Sheriff; Detention Officer; Emergency Dispatcher; Posse; Annual Accomplishments; As of December 31, 2022, a person who is arrested, convicted or sentenced before, on or after December 31, 2022, may petition the court to have their criminal case record sealed. It is a story worth telling. While all these English-language authors have talked about the role of the political police and its archive in the communist political system of terror, none has drawn an exact picture of the contents of this elusive collection of documents, mostly because few had direct access to the archive and because the information on specific Securitate documents that surfaced to date in Romania has been some times contradictory and other times inexact and unequal. Maricopa County. Lavinia Stan received her PhD from the University of Toronto, and then joined the Department of Political Science at St. Francis Xavier University in Nova Scotia, where she heads the Center for Post-Communist Studies. Cristescu convinced John and Tanase to let him arrange a money transfer through Romanian emigrant to West Germany C. S., but told the Securitate that he made such proposal so that the relationship between John (and whoever is hiding behind him) and Stelian Tanase be somehow controlled. All of you'll travel abroad. In his memoirs, World War II veteran George Marzanca revealed that in March 1952 the Securitate officer Nicolae Popa tried to recruit him as an informer. Arrest warrants search: Agua Fria: (602) 372-8001 Arcadia Biltmore: (602) 372-6300 Arrowhead: (602) 372-2000 Historians Marius Oprea and Stejarel Olaru (2003) explored one of the few instances of collective opposition toward the Ceausescu regime with the help of Securitate documents and interviews with participants in the Brasov workers' uprising of 15 November 1987. Fifteen years after the collapse of President Nicolae Ceausescu's sultanism-cum-totalitarianism, there are only a handful of English-language books and articles detailing the activity of the notorious Securitate, the Romanian communist secret political police, the panoply of repressive methods it employed, and the archive of documents it diligently produced. The Securitate archive remains the subject of much controversy, where fact and supposition, myth and reality, condemnation and approval, shame and pride blend together in a strange mix. ACTIC; Arizona Game and Fish; Emergency Management; Ready, Set, Go! In addition, Tanases file included a note presenting in full a conversation he had on 5 November 1987 with former political prisoner and interwar Peasant Party leader Nicolae Carandino at the Capsa bistro in downtown Bucharest. Readers familiar with the East German Stasi should note that the Romanian and East German communist secret police conducted similar recruitment, surveillance and data gathering activities, but the archives they left behind have met with different destinies. After a nationwide search, the Maricopa County Community College District (MCCCD) and Glendale Community College (GCC) are pleased to announce Tiffany Hernandez, Ph.D., as the next President of GCC. The recruitment strategy had to be detailed in a report drafted by the agent and approved by the agent's superiors (Article 15). Maricopa County criminal records are official documents that give comprehensive information about the criminal history of persons within the county. West Court Building, 3rd Floor. For more information about the eAccess portal please visit: https://www.azcourts.gov/eaccess. The oldest extant documents in the Securitate archive were dated 1917 and had been drafted for the use of the royal intelligence service, Siguranta. In 2021, District 5 in Bucharest recorded the lowest crime rate . Retention Rules. 18] The Securitate first installed the computers and then told Ceausescu of the purchase. The three met in Tanases apartment, talked in English, listened to loud classical music all the time, and were served sweets and lemonade. Istorii literare si artistice, 1969-1989 (Bucharest: Editura Presa Romaneasca, 1996), p. 30. Mail us a written request or drop off * a written request at: Maricopa County Attorney's Office. Probate Cases. While it included only a selection of the Securitate file Tanase received, which itself was a selection of the original file, the volume was important for presenting the variety of documents the political police produced.Much of the published file documents refer to interception of phone conversations, an operation carried out by the special Securitate unit T. On 22 August 1984 the Securitate agent working the case asked for Tanases phone to be listened to to find out any kind of political comments, data on his literary projects, the nature of his relationships with other writers, his plans to contact foreign citizens in order to have his manuscripts published abroad.[32] The report had the approval, official seal and signature of the head of unit T, and was followed by transcripts of phone conversations Tanase made or received over a number of years. 6-8. Do not rely on this site to determine factual criminal records. See all locations . For others it was financial reward, permission to travel abroad, university entrance for their off-springs, the promise of moving from rural to urban areas, or the desire to speed up their career and obtain leadership positions in their work field. He asked me if I worked for the Americans or the Britskicked and cursed me, and ordered another civilian to take me where I'll have time to think. It includes collections of primary documents like Marius Oprea, Banalitatea raului. It is this oversight that this article tries to address. For days, neighbors of the Arges Securitate archive reportedly could see the flames of open fires and smell the burning paper. In the early 1990s, the Service announced that the Securitate archive totaled 35 kilometers of documents, of which 25 were victim files, 4 were informer files and 6 were attached folders, but local historians and former political prisoners disputed the numbers, pointing out that the Stasi archive totaled 188 kilometers for a population of 14.5 million (compared to Romania's 23 million inhabitants). The Maricopa County Superior Court is . Copies of the informers notes were also attached to a victims file like Tanases, often bearing on the margins hand-written comments by the agent and/or his superiors. These reports presented the individuals with whom the informers met, the events they attended and the places they visited, and other people's remarks on Romania's economic and political situation, the activity of its leaders, and the country's domestic and foreign policies. The American Corner program promotes understanding and cooperation between the U.S. and Romania. Clerk of the Superior Court's Office Criminal File Counter 201 W. Jefferson, Phoenix, AZ 85003 Filing Depository Boxes The Clerk of the Court's Office offers four external filing depository boxes, which are available 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Animated by the desire to bring my contribution to defending our peoples revolutionary accomplishments, I will do everything needed to translate this pledge into reality, understanding fully the negative consequences that the failure to fulfill it could bring to our state security.[35]. Each informer card specified the persons name, parents names, birth date and place, nationality, citizenship, political membership, education, occupation, known foreign languages, position and workplace, date of recruitment and name of recruiting officer, contact officer, conspiratorial name and category. 4 (March 2004), pp. Another cleavage dividing the informer network was represented by the services provided to the political police, and distinguished between informers (informatori), supporting individuals (persoane de sprijin), residents (rezidenti) and hosts of meeting places (gazde ale caselor de intilniri). Not all informers were brave enough to use their real name. To access files and obtain photocopies of documents, researchers must obtain accreditation by petitioning the Council and the Ombudsman. The remaining 60,000 pages belonging to some 105 individuals (including Orthodox priest Gheorghe Calciu-Dumitreasa, monk Nicolae Steinhard, theologian Dumitru Staniloae, poets Virgil Carianopol and Vasile Voiculescu, literary critics Ion Negoitescu and Ovidiu Papadima, folklorist Ovid Densusianu, former political prisoners Paul Goma and Marcel Petrisor, writer Petre Tutea, pre-communist politicians Ion Puiu, and engineer Gheorghe Ursu) were transferred to the National Council, and are now available to researchers on request. Thus, we find out that on 26 August 1989 at 2:05 pm Stefan received a call from an unnamed fellow writer who wanted another job, because her current position does not allow her sufficient time to write, cannot meet the plan targets, does not receive the salary. [22] Most of this information was found in victim cards. Maricopa County's Most Wanted; SWAT Division; Resources. Any and all information contained within the Superior Court's database is recorded with an understanding that the information is true and correct in as far as all aspects of the documents physically filed with the Clerk of the Superior Court. 31] Stelian Tanase, Acasa se vorbeste in soapta (Bucharest: Compania, 2002), p. 10. There was also a list of documents included in the file, another list of the Securitate personnel who knew the individual belonged to the information network, a third list with the informers contacts that were valuable to the Securitate, and a note explaining the method of contacting the informer and the conspiratorial meeting places the informer was told about (Article 38). For students and army recruits acting as supporting individuals agents did not open personal files, but filled in standardized forms, attached to case files together with those persons collaboration pledge and reports on their victims (Article 37). Eight years later the Securitate troops reached 72,697, including 7,865 officers, 5,306 sergeants, 1,565 civilians and 57,961 high school graduates drafted for up to a year and a half long military service. On 11 February 1948 there were 3,549 employees, of whom 64 percent were workers, 4 percent peasants, 2 percent intellectuals and 28 percent clerks. Search by Case NumberCase Number: Docket Home. Administrative Office - (602) 506-8530. Its testimonial value is likely to increase if the archive is complemented with information drawn from other sources, including the National Archives and the Communist Party Archives, since we know that some materials were never collected or were destroyed by the Securitate. These files were accompanied by attached folders (mapele anexa), where the informers original notes, the reports the agent drafted on the basis of the notes, the information obtained during meetings with the informer and the way it was used were collected (Article 39). The documents reporting on the Securitate's counterintelligence activities abroad are housed by the Romanian External Service and are currently unavailable to the public. In 1960, Colonel Alexoaie of the Barlad Securitate office told Zugravu: This work [as an informer] would be advantageous for you and your entire family. The 1960s witnessed a relative thaw when tens of thousands of political prisoners were allowed to come back home, but by 1971 Ceausescu had launched his cultural revolution and personality cult, followed by a massive crackdown on individual and organized active resistance. As a result, the Securitate was asked to collect and destroy all of the pre-1967 files and cards referring to individuals who meanwhile joined the Communist Party. CLOSE. Selected for their positive opinion on the communist regime, quality of the information they could provide, and openness to collaborate candidly and secretly, candidates were recruited for different specific intelligence projects (Articles 11-12). He was Colonel Izidor Holingher [then the Securitate Counter-espionage Department head]. Other informers relished in their new role, writing long, detailed reports of everything they saw and heard in the company of the victim, offering their own interpretation of events and even designing strategies to obtain additional information and penetrate even further into the victim's inner space. You'll have money, another wage, is this bad? 14-18, and Dan Ionescu, Personnel Changes in the Romanian Intelligence Service, RFE/RL Research Report (8 July 1994), pp. Such reports were important for the data they provided on members of the Romanian groups traveling abroad and the political opinions and activity of the Romanian diaspora. This is the official website of the U.S. Embassy in Romania. 45 (1998). They ordered me to strip. Informers were contacted by the agent or resident at least once a month, and were instructed on ways to pass urgent information to the political police between the meetings by way of conspiratorial addresses, hidden places, postal boxes or codes for sending data in writing or by phone (Article 27). After the collapse of the communist regime, several new and old institutions became Securitate archive custodians. If the journalist manifested a "hostile attitude" toward the communist regime by making critical remarks or writing unfavorable reports, then a personal information file (DUI) was opened for him. Securitate agents were instructed to cease collaboration with individuals with criminal record, individuals who did not collaborate loyally and individuals who made their ties to the political police known, but when and how collaboration was terminated depended on the agent more than the informer. Among the case files the National Council received from the Information Service were the files on "Arts and Culture" (detailing the activities and political positions of writers and artists, 78 volumes of 26,972 pages), "Bourgeois Political Parties" (on the inter-war Liberal and Peasant Parties, 177 volumes), "Anticommunist Resistance Movement" (on the resistance groups that remained active in mountainous areas during the first decade of communism, 300 volumes), "Eterul" and "Melita" (code names for the Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 55 volumes), Central Press (19 volumes), Religious Cults and Sects (on religious life under communism, 56 volumes), Transcendental Meditation (on the 1980s spiritual movement, 4 volumes), and Cooperativization of Agriculture (on the transformation of pre-communist private farms into large cooperatives, 31 volumes).[21]. 15 November 1987, Brasov (Bucharest: Polirom, 2003), Lavinia Stan, Access to Securitate Files: The Trials and Tribulations of a Romanian Law, East European Politics and Society vol. 225 West Madison Street, 1 st Floor. It is impossible to estimate how many of these files were recovered, reconstituted or definitely lost, but certainly a great number of them were used for political blackmail and manipulation during the last decade and a half. At the time when the Securitate signed its own death certificate in late 1989, it left behind a wealth of material detailing life under communism. All factual and interpretation errors are mine. Through an award winning Digital Archive, the Project allows scholars, journalists, students, and the interested public to reassess the Cold War and its many contemporarylegacies. By March 2004, only 37 individuals had asked for manuscripts, receiving a total of around 50,000 pages. This fact, corroborated with others (for example, the fact that he came to Romania with a list of people to contact, or the fact that he and his friends want to finance some Romanian intellectuals with liberal views, etc.) The documentary collection (fondul documentar) included reports, analyses, information notes, working plans detailing the activity of the Securitate as well as the activity of pre-communist state agencies and political parties, together with a number of other materials of interest for the communist political police. In a series of recent articles, this author (2000, 2002 and 2004) detailed the political negotiations preceding the adoption of legislation that gave Romanians access to a limited number of Securitate files, the provisions of the so-called "Ticu law," and the factors explaining Romania's delayed transitional justice process. Contact the respective county clerk of State Attorney's Office for more information. [16] In 2004 the Service reaffirmed its willingness to give the Council 12 kilometers of Securitate archival material that did not relate to national security issues once the Council revamped a newly acquired storage space in the town of Popesti-Leordeni, Arges county, some 80 kilometers far from Bucharest. 30 Apr 2023 19:34:37 6-8, C. Troncota, Istoria Securitatii regimului communist din Romania, 1948-1964 (Bucharest: Institutul National pentru Studiul Totalitarismului, 2003), pp. An informers personal file included the recruitment report (raportul de recrutare), detailing the reasons why the candidate could prove useful for solving cases at hand, the conspiratorial name, the loyalty guarantees, the recruitment method, the basis for recruitment (voluntary collaboration, financial payment or blackmail), the contact system of passwords and countersigns to be used if meetings could not be organized at the pre-established time and place, the collaboration pledge (angajamentul de colaborare), several surveillance, verification and analysis materials in which the agent noted the loyalty and productivity of the informer, and the abandonment report (raportul de abandonare), detailing the reasons for and the method of deactivating the informer. An inmate accused of attacking and killing an officer at Maricopa County's Lower Buckeye Jail in 2019 was convicted of manslaughter after more than three years of prosecution, according to Maricopa County Sheriff Paul Penzone. I thank Florin Abraham for his support in accessing materials published in Arhivele totalitarismului, Stejarel Olaru, Mircea Stanescu and Gabriel Catalan for helping me understand the intricacies of archival investigation, Paul Goma for his hospitality, and Major-General Marius-Sorin Brateanu and archivist Nevian Tunareanu for giving me access to the Securitate archive and its documents. Then I was introduced in a cellI was alone. An order setting aside the judgment of conviction pursuant to A.R.S. Criminal Cases. All Rights Reserved, The 12th Annual Cold War History Research Center International Student Conference at Corvinus University of Budapest, 12th Annual Cold War History Research Center International Student Conference at Corvinus University of Budapest, Call for Papers - Methodologies of Working in Cold War Archives: Facts, Values and Archival Ecologies, Negotiating the Return of Civilians: Chinese Perception, Tactics and Objectives at the First Fourteen Meetings of the Sino-American Ambassadorial Talks, Between Containment and Rollback: The United States and the Cold War in Germany, The Transfer of Soviet Prisoners of War from Afghanistan to Switzerland, 1982-1984, Less Revolution, More Realpolitik: Chinas Foreign Policy in the Early and Middle 1970s, From Mao to Deng: Chinas Changing Relations with the United States, Hans Kammler, Hitlers Last Hope, in American Hands, Call for Papers - Cold War Voices: Stories, Speech and Sound, 1945-1991, Call for Papers: Revisiting the Cold War on Taiwan, Hyundai Motor-Korea Foundation Center for Korean History and Public Policy, Environmental Change and Security Program, North Korea International Documentation Project, Nuclear Proliferation International History Project, Kissinger Institute on China and the United States, The Middle East and North Africa Workforce Development Initiative, Refugee and Forced Displacement Initiative, Science and Technology Innovation Program, Wahba Institute for Strategic Competition. [37] In his note of 13 April 1989 Cristescu alerted agents that Tanase believed he was followed and his phone calls were intercepted, and described in detail the devices and strategies his friend used to mislead the Securitate. The operative or information collection (fondul operativ sau informativ) consisted of the victims operative surveillance files and the pre-communist information service archives. Sometimes the transcripts (always drafted in unique, secret, hand-written copies) detailed the entire conversation even if laden with colloquial expressions and identified the dialogue partners, other times it summarized the most important passages and highlighted relevant material. If the victim was incarcerated, the file also contained interrogation memos. The multifaceted activity of the political police was reflected in the trail of documents it produced until December 1989, which together constitute the Securitate archive. Other times, documents were classified by type. In the note, Popa used his own name. 37, no. In April 1977 the Securitate boasted a total of 20,297 agents at the rank of army officers, of whom 13,397 were engaged in permanent missions and 6,900 could be drafted for occasional special missions, while six years later it included 1,389 officers, 968 sub-officers, 574 civilians and 20,459 young recruitsyoung men who just finished high-school or university and were neither Securitate civilians, nor officersto a grand total of 23,381 individuals. The Consulate Generaland the Embassy cant provide individuals with any police clearance document, nor can we assist in obtaining such a document. The inoperative collection (fondul neoperativ) received the personnel files of Securitate, army and militia retired and reserve officers at all ranks and civilian personnel, payroll records, administrative and secretarial memos, as well as other materials without operative value. In 1998, Romanian Information Service deputy director Mircea Gheordunescu declared that by 1974 some 230,000 files and attached folders of party members had been destroyed. Deletant cited Virgil Magureanu, the first director of the Romanian Information Service, who claimed that on 22 December 1989, the Securitate totaled 14,259 military cadres, including 8,159 officers, 5,105 warrant and non-commissioned officers and 984 civilian personnel. Alina Tudor, 1955: Batuti la Securitate, doi ceferisti se pling lui Gheorghiu-Dej, Cotidianul (27 May 1998), p. 12. While not studied to date, the personal chemistry between agents and informers should not be discounted as a factor in pursuing or terminating such relationships. Supporting individuals monitored, pursued, harassed, investigated, spied and reported on individual citizens, in accordance with specific instructions received from the political police agent (Article 6). Among those who lost manuscripts were philosopher Lucian Blaga, poet Ion Caraion and pre-communist political party leader Constantin Titel Petrescu. Location: Maricopa County Superior Court Complex 111 S. 3rd Ave., 4th Floor Phoenix, AZ 85003 Registration Hours: 7:30am - 4:30pm Find a Case | Maricopa County Clerk of Superior Court JEFF FINE You are now exiting the Maricopa County Clerk of Superior Court. Securitate records claimed that 97 percent of informers were recruited voluntarily because of their "political and patriotic sentiment," 1.5 percent through offers of financial compensation, and 1.5 percent through blackmail with compromising evidence. The Securitate confiscated and archived a number of manuscripts in an effort to stop their publication and distribution. Within a month the army officer was arrested, interrogated and condemned to four years jail time for crimes he did not commit. Lavinia StanCenter for Post-Communist StudiesSt. maricopa county arrest records, maricopa county free public records, maricopa county divorce records, maricopa county criminal records search, maricopa county court case lookup, maricopa county public criminal records, maricopa county public records search, maricopa county recorded document search Uncontrollable factors into other transfers have The problem, they claim, lies not with the political police, but with the repressive, unjust, discriminatory and abusive communist legislation. The files compiled on the activity of other Romanians likely offer significantly different details, but the types of documents generally remain unchanged across files, although some files might have more and other files fewer documents of one particular type. The correspondence collection (fondul corespondenta) was made up of correspondence between different Securitate and Ministry of Interior units and between them and other state institutions and party structures.[23].
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